Overview
About Recurrent Shoulder Dislocation
After a first shoulder dislocation, the labrum (the cartilage rim around the socket) is often torn — an injury known as a Bankart lesion. If this tear is not repaired, the shoulder remains loose and prone to dislocating again, sometimes with minimal force during everyday activities or sleep. Recurrent shoulder dislocation is treated with arthroscopic Bankart repair, in which the torn labrum is reattached to the bone using small suture anchors through keyhole incisions. In patients with significant bone loss on the socket or humeral head, additional bone-grafting procedures such as the Latarjet procedure may be recommended for the most durable stability.
Key Benefits
Permanently addresses the structural cause of repeated dislocation
Arthroscopic technique through tiny incisions with minimal scarring
High success rate in preventing further dislocation episodes
Restores confidence to use the shoulder fully without fear of it giving way
Bone-grafting options available for patients with significant bone loss
Frequently Asked Questions
Why does my shoulder keep dislocating after the first time?
The first dislocation usually tears the labrum (Bankart lesion), leaving the socket unable to hold the joint securely. Without surgical repair, this looseness persists and the shoulder can dislocate again with progressively less force.
How is recurrent shoulder dislocation diagnosed?
Diagnosis combines a history of repeated episodes, specific instability tests on examination, and an MRI to confirm the labral tear and assess for any associated bone loss on the socket or humeral head.
What does Bankart repair surgery involve?
Through 3–4 small keyhole incisions, the surgeon reattaches the torn labrum to the bone edge of the socket using suture anchors, tightening the capsule to restore a stable, deep socket for the joint.
What if there is significant bone loss in the socket?
When bone loss is substantial, a soft-tissue Bankart repair alone may not be enough. In these cases, a bone block procedure (Latarjet) transfers a small piece of bone with attached tendon to rebuild the socket for a more durable repair.
When can I return to sport after stabilisation surgery?
A sling is worn for 4–6 weeks, followed by progressive physiotherapy. Most patients return to contact sports at 4–6 months once strength and stability are confirmed through functional testing.