Overview
About Shoulder Dislocation Treatment
Shoulder dislocation occurs when the ball of the upper arm (humeral head) pops out of the shoulder socket (glenoid). It is the most commonly dislocated major joint in the body. Immediate management involves closed reduction (putting the joint back in place) under sedation or anaesthesia. After reduction, the shoulder is immobilised in a sling and physiotherapy is started. Recurrent dislocations indicate ligament damage requiring surgical stabilisation (Bankart repair).
Key Benefits
Prompt, expert closed reduction providing immediate pain relief
Post-reduction X-ray confirms accurate relocation and rules out fracture
Structured immobilisation and rehabilitation protocol reduces recurrence risk
Surgical stabilisation (Bankart repair) for recurrent or young first-time dislocators
Return to full shoulder function and sport with appropriate management
Frequently Asked Questions
What is a shoulder dislocation?
A shoulder dislocation occurs when the humeral head (ball) comes completely out of the glenoid socket (cup). Anterior dislocation (ball moves forward) accounts for 95% of cases. It causes severe pain, visible deformity, and inability to move the arm.
How is a dislocated shoulder put back?
Shoulder reduction is performed by a doctor using gentle, specific manoeuvres (Cunningham, Milch, or Kocher technique) under adequate analgesia or sedation. It should never be attempted without medical supervision to avoid fracture or nerve injury.
How long must I wear a sling after dislocation?
Typically 3–6 weeks in a sling for the first dislocation. Physiotherapy starts early. In young patients or athletes, early surgical stabilisation may be recommended even after a first dislocation.
Why does shoulder dislocation recur?
The Bankart lesion — a tear of the anterior labrum (cartilage rim of the socket) — is the most common structural injury after dislocation. If not repaired, it predisposes to repeated dislocations, especially in young and active individuals.
When is surgery recommended after shoulder dislocation?
Surgery (arthroscopic Bankart repair) is recommended for: recurrent dislocations, young athletes after a first dislocation (due to high recurrence rate), and patients with significant bony damage (Hill-Sachs or bony Bankart lesion).